Fungal nail infections can be frustrating and uncomfortable, affecting your nails' appearance and health. If you've noticed your nails becoming discoloured, thickened, or brittle, you may be dealing with nail fungus. While these types of infections can be stubborn, there are effective fungal nail treatments available. 

What is a fungal nail infection?

A fungal nail infection, also known as onychomycosis, is a contagious nail fungus condition that occurs when fungi invade one or more of your nails. The infection usually starts at the edge of the nail and gradually spreads to the centre. Over time, it can cause the nail to become discoloured, thickened, and even crumbly. While this isn’t typically painful, fungal nail infections can be embarrassing and may lead to more serious problems if left untreated. 

Fungal Nail Infection Causes

Fungal nail infections happen when various types of fungi invade the nail, which can be caused by:

Fungal Overgrowth

Fungi are naturally present in the body and environment, but when they overgrow, they can cause infections. The same fungi responsible for athlete’s foot and ringworm can also infect nails.

Warm, Moist Environments

Fungi flourish in warm, damp areas. This is why toenails are more commonly affected than fingernails, as toes are often confined in shoes, creating an ideal environment for fungal growth.

Injury or Damage

Small cuts or separations between the nail and nail bed can allow fungi to enter and cause an infection. Nail injuries or surgeries can also increase the risk.

Contaminated Tools

Unsterilised nail clippers, emery boards, or other grooming tools can spread fungal infections. This is particularly a risk in nail salons if tools are not properly disinfected between uses.

Health Conditions

Health conditions like diabetes, psoriasis, or a weakened immune system can increase susceptibility to nail infections. Poor circulation, which is common in older adults, also raises the risk.

Lifestyle Factors

Walking barefoot in communal areas like locker rooms, public showers, and swimming pools can expose you to fungi. Wearing tight-fitting shoes or plastic gloves for extended periods, which keep your hands or feet moist, also increases the likelihood of infection.

What are the symptoms of a fungal nail infection? 

Recognising the symptoms of a fungal nail infection early can lead to more effective treatment. While symptoms can vary depending on the type and severity of the infection, common signs are:

• Discoloration: The affected nail can turn white, yellow, or brown. Sometimes, you might notice a dark colour caused by debris building up under the nail.

• Thickening: The nail becomes thicker than usual, making it difficult to trim.

• Distorted shape: The nail's shape might become warped or oddly curved.

• Brittleness: The nail may become brittle, with pieces breaking off or the whole nail crumbling.

• Separation: In some cases, the nail could separate from the nail bed.

• Odour: Sometimes, there may be an unpleasant smell coming from the nail.

• Pain or discomfort: People can experience pain, especially when pressure is applied to the affected nail.

These symptoms can also indicate other nail conditions, so it's best to see a doctor or pharmacist for an accurate diagnosis if you notice any of these signs. 

How to Prevent Fungal Nail Infections

If you're prone to fungal nail infections, take preventative measures to reduce your risk of developing one and maintain healthy nails.

Maintain Good Foot Hygiene

Wash your feet daily with soap and water, paying special attention to the areas between your toes. After washing, dry your feet thoroughly, as fungi thrive in a moist environment. Consider using a separate towel for your feet to prevent spreading any potential infection to other parts of your body.

Keep your nails short and trimmed straight across, but avoid cutting them too close to the skin or rounding the edges, as this can create entry points for fungi. If you go to nail salons, ensure they sterilise their tools between clients. 

Choose Appropriate Footwear

Opt for shoes made from breathable materials like leather or mesh to allow air circulation and help keep your feet dry. Avoid wearing the same pair of shoes every day. Instead, rotate your footwear to give each pair time to dry out completely between uses. When possible, go barefoot at home to allow your feet to "breathe."

If you're prone to sweaty feet, consider using an antifungal powder or spray in your shoes and on your feet. This extra layer of protection can help keep fungi at bay. 

Protect Your Feet

Always wear flip-flops or shower shoes in public areas like locker rooms, swimming pools, and communal showers. These protective barriers prevent direct contact between your feet and potentially contaminated surfaces.

Be mindful of sharing personal items and avoid borrowing shoes, socks, or nail grooming tools from others, as these can be carriers for fungal transmission. 

How to Treat a Fungal Nail Infection

When it comes to addressing fungal nail infections, there are several safe and effective treatment options available, ranging from over-the-counter remedies to advanced medical procedures. The choice of treatment depends on the severity of the infection, your overall health, and personal preferences. 

Topical Treatments

Topical antifungal nail treatments are often the first line of defence against mild to moderate infections. These treatments include medicated nail polishes and creams applied directly to the affected nail. While these can be effective, they often require prolonged use and may not penetrate deeply enough to reach the underlying fungus, especially in more severe cases.

Oral Medications

For more severe or persistent infections, antifungal tablets may be prescribed. These medications, like terbinafine and itraconazole, work from within the body to fight the fungal infection and help the new nail to grow back free from infection. Oral treatments tend to be more effective than topical treatments but come with potential side effects from prolonged use, including liver damage and interactions with other medications. 

Home Remedies

For those looking to try home remedies, tea tree oil, known for its antifungal properties, can be applied directly to the affected nail. Soaking your feet in warm water and vinegar may also help stop fungal growth. However, home remedies may not be as effective as medical treatments, especially for more serious infections. 

Laser Fungal Treatment

Laser fungal nail treatment is a modern, effective option for treating infections. At The Dental Spa, we offer advanced laser treatment that uses concentrated light to target and destroy fungi beneath the nail without harming surrounding tissue or requiring the nail to be removed. This non-invasive, painless procedure is safe for most patients, including those with diabetes or who can't take oral medications. 

Typically, a series of short sessions is required, with visible improvement as the nail grows out. The treatment is quick and has no side effects or downtime, making it a great option for those with busy lifestyles. Most patients can resume their normal activities immediately after each session, allowing for minimal disruption to your daily routine.

Treat Toenail Fungus with The Dental Spa 

If you're struggling with persistent fungal nail infections, schedule a consultation at The Dental Spa today and explore the benefits of this innovative treatment option. Our advanced laser treatments offer a safe, effective, and convenient solution to this common problem.

Say goodbye to unsightly, uncomfortable fungal nail infections with The Dental Spa. Contact us today to learn more about our cutting-edge laser treatment and take the first step towards healthier, clearer nails.